Data Flow charts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Data Flow charts - Essay Example ss called decomposing, modelling hierarchy or leveling; this process of leveling is series of detailing diagrams until all the primitive functions are properly identified. When DFD fits on a single window is known as level 1 DFD. Level 2 is a DFD that expands the level 1 or top-level. All the levels below are level 3, level 3 and so on. A level that cannot be further be decomposed is called bottom-level process (Systems Analysis and Design, n.d.). Flowchart assists the auditors and accountants in analyzing the current system of the organization for the control loopholes and weakness ants the reporting the same to the management. This assists the auditors in defining the audit trail, follow it up and finally evaluate the system. Further it assists in assessment of the control risk of the company. The system analyst use the flowcharts to show how the information flows in an organization environment, thus each department is evaluated on the data is receiving and sending and makes sure only the valid and necessary data is

Depatment of Veterans Affairs Essay Example for Free

Depatment of Veterans Affairs Essay The Department of Veterans Affairs is continuing to have many problems with many of the services that they offer. The service that has been impacted the most is the healthcare division, others such as vocational rehabilitation and the Post 9/11 GI Bill are not providing the proper outlets and support that the veterans are in need of. In recent months the VA has had many accountability problems with regard to patients even dying from lack of services. When these problems first came to light the Federal government investigated some of the problems and there was no accountability for the people that were not doing their jobs. There were also bonuses being given out when people were not doing their jobs. There have been many policy’s put in place such as Department of Veterans Affairs Management Accountability Act of 2014. This should help many of the problems that the VA is having in the healthcare division alone. The largest problem that they are currently having is a large backlog of patients just awaiting to be seen, as well as being understaffed for the amount of staff needed for the large amount of veterans now being seen. Recently the secretary of the VA, Eric Shinseki, resigned from his position and the Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Sloan Gibson took his position for a short period until a new secretary could be chosen. The new Secretary of Veterans Affairs is Robert McDonald. He has proposed many different ways to help get veterans the benefits that they have been waiting for. The backlog is still over 750,000 veterans with almost one third of them still being from the backlog. Some of the more recent problems have been that the Department of Veterans Affairs has caught employees discarding, through burning and shredding, the files of some of the veterans that have applied for benefits. There are other plans being put into place, one by the President, and this is the Veterans Choice Card. This new program will allow veterans to visit other hospitals and doctors outside of the VA for treatment. The Veterans Affairs hospitals can only grow so much until they need help from outside sources to h elp take care of everyone that needs medical attention. There has been an Industry Day as the Veterans Affairs office has been calling it which is going to be for determining the costs for healthcare outside of the VA. The topics that will be covered in this are:Â  Department of Veterans Affairs Management Accountability Act of 2014 Backlog

An Analysis of John Updikes A&P :: John Updike A&P

Interpretation of A&P  Ã‚   This Story takes place in 1961, in a small New England town's A&P grocery store.   Sammy, the narrator, is introduced as a grocery checker and an observer of the store's patrons.   He finds himself fascinated by a particular group of girls.   Just in from the beach and still in their bathing suits, they are a stark contrast, to the otherwise plain store interior.   As they go about their errands, Sammy observes the reactions, of the other customers, to this trio of young women.   He uses the word "Sheep" to describe the store regulars, as they seem to follow one and other, in their actions and reactions.   The girls, however, appear to be unique in all aspects of their beings: walking, down the isles, against the grain: going barefoot and in swim suits, amongst the properly attired clientele. They are different and this is what catches and holds Sammy's attention.   He sees them in such detail, that he can even see the queen of the bunch.   Sammy observes their moveme nts and gestures, up until the time of their checkout.   At which point, they are confronted by the store manager and chastised for their unacceptable appearance.   He believes their attire to be indecent.   Sammy, feeling that the managerial display was unnecessary and unduly embarrassing for the girls, decides to quit his position as checker.   Thought he knows that his decision may be hasty, he knows that he has to follow through and he can never go back.   He leaves, with a clean conscious, but the burden of not knowing what the future has in store.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This story represents a coming-of-age for Sammy.   Though it takes place over the period of a few minutes, it represents a much larger process of maturation.   From the time the girls enter the grocery store, to the moment they leave, you can see changes in Sammy.   At first, he sees only the physicality of the girls:   how they look and what they are wearing, seem to be his only observations.   As the story progresses, he notices the interactions between the girls, and he even determines the hierarchy of the small dynamic.   He observes their actions and how they affect the other patrons of the business.   Rather, how the other people view the girl's actions.   His thought process is maturing and he starts to see things as an adult might see them.

Wuthering Heights :: essays research papers

The Role of Books in Wuthering Heights   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emily Bronte's 1847 masterpiece of English literature, Wuthering Heights, is a very deep and complex book that cannot simply be classified as a love story since there is no traditional happy ending for the primary characters and the heroine dies halfway through the book. This book is such a classic because Bronte has the ability to transform characters feelings onto the paper like no one else can. One important theme that relates to most of the characters in Wuthering Heights is that of books and the role they play throughout the story. There is no simple response to this question since the answer differs with each individual character. It is evident, though, that books are very important to the various relationships encountered in this story and that they can be interpreted in many different ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first incident in which books play a role in this story is also one of the most powerful scenes in the entire book. It occurs when Mr. Lockwood has determined that he must stay the night at Wuthering Heights, his landlord's estate. Heathcliff's servant, Zillah, shows Mr. Lockwood to his room and cautions him to 'hide his candle and not make a noise'; since Heathcliff would not willingly approve of his staying in that room. Just after Mr. Lockwood enters the room, he discovers three names carved over and over onto the ledge near the window, Catherine Earnshaw, Catherine Heathcliff, and Catherine Linton. Mr. Lockwood begins paging through and examining the collection of books he determines to be Catherine's. The books, he notices, have been well used judging from their dilapidation and 'scarcely one chapter had escaped a pen-and-ink commentary at least, the appearance of one covering every morsel of blank that the printer had left.'; After a short time, Mr. Lockwood dozes off but is awaken quickly by the sound of tapping on the casement window. He sleepily decides that it is the rapping of a nearby tree branch and goes back to sleep. Not much later, he dreams that he is again awakened by the same sound and tries to open the window and break off the source of the distraction. He cannot open it and, breaking the glass, reaches for the branch. To his absolute horror, he finds himself grasping a little ice-cold hand while 'a most melancholy voice'; sobs, 'Let me in let me in!'; In a sense of panic, Mr. Wuthering Heights :: essays research papers The Role of Books in Wuthering Heights   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emily Bronte's 1847 masterpiece of English literature, Wuthering Heights, is a very deep and complex book that cannot simply be classified as a love story since there is no traditional happy ending for the primary characters and the heroine dies halfway through the book. This book is such a classic because Bronte has the ability to transform characters feelings onto the paper like no one else can. One important theme that relates to most of the characters in Wuthering Heights is that of books and the role they play throughout the story. There is no simple response to this question since the answer differs with each individual character. It is evident, though, that books are very important to the various relationships encountered in this story and that they can be interpreted in many different ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first incident in which books play a role in this story is also one of the most powerful scenes in the entire book. It occurs when Mr. Lockwood has determined that he must stay the night at Wuthering Heights, his landlord's estate. Heathcliff's servant, Zillah, shows Mr. Lockwood to his room and cautions him to 'hide his candle and not make a noise'; since Heathcliff would not willingly approve of his staying in that room. Just after Mr. Lockwood enters the room, he discovers three names carved over and over onto the ledge near the window, Catherine Earnshaw, Catherine Heathcliff, and Catherine Linton. Mr. Lockwood begins paging through and examining the collection of books he determines to be Catherine's. The books, he notices, have been well used judging from their dilapidation and 'scarcely one chapter had escaped a pen-and-ink commentary at least, the appearance of one covering every morsel of blank that the printer had left.'; After a short time, Mr. Lockwood dozes off but is awaken quickly by the sound of tapping on the casement window. He sleepily decides that it is the rapping of a nearby tree branch and goes back to sleep. Not much later, he dreams that he is again awakened by the same sound and tries to open the window and break off the source of the distraction. He cannot open it and, breaking the glass, reaches for the branch. To his absolute horror, he finds himself grasping a little ice-cold hand while 'a most melancholy voice'; sobs, 'Let me in let me in!'; In a sense of panic, Mr.

Types of Bill of Lading

Types of Bill Of  Lading There are two types of Bill of Lading (B/L) on the basis of Receipt of cargo:- 1. Shipped on Board B/L: Cargo is on board the vessel, It confirms the buyer that cargo is actually shipped. 2. Received for Shipment B/L:   Shipping Company confirms having received the goods for shipment by the vessel mentioned therein. When the goods later loaded on the vessel, a supplementary clause may be inserted in B/L, if it’s not already negotiated: â€Å"Actual shipped on Board† – On (Date) and is signed by Shipping agent or Shipping Company Type of Bill of Lading on the Basis of Trade Parties Involved 1.House Bill of Lading: Issued by Freight Forwarder or Agent having MTO License from DGFT, Ministry of Shipping. 2. Master Bill of Lading: Issued by Shipping or Agent having MTO (Ministry of Transportation) License from DGFT (Director General of Foreign Trade), Ministry of Shipping. Types of Bill of Lading on the basis of Voyage 1. Direct B/L: It co vers transportation on one and same vessel from POL to POD i. e. , shipment on vessels offering direct calls from port to port. 2. Through B/L: It covers transportation with transshipment, Inland transportation involved at origin port or destination or at both the sides.Throughput B/L usually show â€Å"transshipment at carriers’ expense but at consignee’s risk† Types of bills of lading on the basis of beneficiaries: – 1. Bill of Lading â€Å"To Order†: B/L is drawn on order of the shipper, the consignee or bank can be endorsed in favor of another person who may be the final receiver or an intermediate beneficiary. Commonly used in commercial transaction 2. Bill of Lading â€Å"To Bearer†: Bearer of bill of lading can obtain delivery of goods. There is no endorsement of bank or Consignee is required on the same. Types of Bill of Lading on the basis of reservation by the carrier 1.Clean Bill of Lading: If there is no clause or comment by the carrier in the bill of lading than it shall be considered as clear B/L. 2. Clause Bill of Lading: If any clause or comment mentioned than it would be clause bill of Lading. For e. g. , â€Å"Dented Drums† Other Types of Bill of Lading * Inland bill of lading * Ocean bill of lading * Air waybill An inland bill of lading is a document that establishes an agreement between a shipper and a transportation company for the transportation of goods. It is used to lay out the terms for transporting items overland to the exporter’s international transportation company.An ocean bill of lading is a document that provides terms between an exporter and international carrier for the shipment of goods to a foreign location overseas. An air waybill is a bill of lading that establishes terms of flights for the transportation of goods both domestically and internationally. This document also serves as a receipt for the shipper, proving the carrier’s acceptance of the shipperâ€℠¢s goods and agreement to carry those goods to a specific airport. Essentially, an air waybill is a type of through bill of lading.This is because air waybills may cover both international and domestic transportation of goods. By contrast, ocean shipments require both inland and ocean bills of lading. Inland bills of lading are necessary for the domestic transportation of goods and ocean bills of lading are necessary for the international  carriage  of goods. Therefore, through bills of lading may not be used for ocean shipments. Inland and ocean bills of lading may be negotiable or non-negotiable. If the bill of lading is non-negotiable, the transportation carrier is required to provide delivery only to the consignee named in the document.If the bill of lading is negotiable, the person with ownership of the bill of lading has the right of ownership of the goods and the right to re-route the shipment. Air cargo Air cargo shipment is most common and practical way of receiving you r orders on time and cost saving. If your orders volume is 100 kilos plus then air cargo is the best. Receive your order starting from one week to 10 days. Air cargo will deliver the order in specified airport so that the customer or their handling agent should collect it. Shipments by Air CouriersShipment using courier services are the best for relatively smaller orders and samples as they deliver the orders in 4 to 6 days at your doorstep. Nepal Mithila Women Handicraft uses most Reliable couriers like  Ã‚  DHL/ARAMEX/FEDEX/TNT/UPS or SYKNET because they are easier to work with due to their fast and home delivery. These courier companies have expensive rates for the smaller packets but if the orders are more than 25 kilos, the approximate shipping would be US$ 8 to $14 per kilo (depending on the volume and the destination).These courier companies will act as your custom agent to release the goods and delivers the packets at your home. The courier companies does not charge you fo r their own services at the custom BUT if there is custom duties applies on the orders, then thy will reimburse the money from the customer later at the orders delivery time. Labels: Each article will be fixed with label showing made in  Nepal, material composition, washing instructions, size etc. as appropriate. We follow buyers' instruction in case of bulk consignment. Documentations:We prepare the following documentation work from the company and authorized sectors of  Nepal's government for the customs purpose AIR WAYBILL, GSP OR FORM A, INVOICE, PACKING LIST, CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN and other essential documentations to release the shipment from the customs Terms: Air Freight FSC- Fuel surcharge, applicable only at certain times Interline- One airline to another ULD  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Unit load device, an airline container SCR- Specific commodity rate GCR- General commodity rate MAWB- Master air waybill, freight forwarder to freight forwarder air waybill HAWB- House air waybill, shi pper to consignee air waybillIATA- Governing body for international air transportation Ground Freight B-train- 2-20ft. trailers being pulled by one tractor LTL- Less than a truckload FTL  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Full truckload CWT  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Per hundred pounds PUP- 20ft. trailer T/L  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Trailer Load Dimensional Freight- Subject to 10# per cubic ft. Calculations: Calculate Kilograms to Pounds kgs x 2. 2= pounds (#) Calculate Pounds to Kilograms Pounds ? 2. 2= kgs Dimensional weight L†xW†xH† ? 366= kgs L†xW†xH† ? 166= pounds Six Steps to Dealing with Customer Complaints At some point, everyone in business has to deal with an upset customer.The challenge is to handle the situation in a way that leaves the customer thinking you operate a great company. If you’re lucky, you can even encourage him or her to serve as a passionate advocate for your brand. When it comes down to it, many customers don't even bother to complain. They simply leave and buy from your competitors. Research suggests that up to 80 percent of customers who leave were, in fact, â€Å"satisfied† with the original company. Obviously, customer satisfaction is not enough. Businesses nowadays need to positively delight customers if they want to earn their loyalty.It may seem counter-intuitive, but a business owner’s ability to effectively deal with customer complaints provides a great opportunity to turn dissatisfied customers into active promoters of the business. Here are some customer-oriented tips I’ve learned while working in the business coaching business:1. Listen carefully to what the customer has to say, and let them finish. Don't get defensive. The customer is not attacking you personally; he or she has a problem and is upset. Repeat back what you are hearing to show that you have listened. 2. Ask questions in a caring and concerned manner.The more information you can get from the customer, the better you will understand his or her perspective. I’ve learned it’s easier to ask questions than to jump to conclusions. 3. Put yourself in their shoes. As a business owner, your goal is to solve the problem, not argue. The customer needs to feel like you’re on his or her side and that you empathize with the situation. 4. Apologize without blaming. When a customer senses that you are sincerely sorry, it usually diffuses the situation. Don't blame another person or department. Just say, â€Å"I'm sorry about that. †5. Ask the customer, â€Å"What would be an acceptable solution to you? Whether or not the customer knows what a good solution would be, I’ve found it’s best to propose one or more solutions to alleviate his or her pain. Become a partner with the customer in solving the problem. 6. Solve the problem, or find someone who can solve it— quickly! Research indicates that customers prefer the person they are speaking with to instantly solve their problem. When comp laints are moved up the chain of command, they become more expensive to handle and only add to the customer's frustration. There is no getting around customer complaints, regardless of your industry.However, by employing these steps and taking the time to review the issue with the customer, you can turn challenges into something constructive. | 10 Tips for dealing with customer complaints Dealing with customer complaints effectively can improve customer retention and help your company gain a reputation for providing good service. Our panel of experts shares their top tips to ensure complaints don’t turn into disasters. 1. Acknowledge their anger and apologise Whilst you are listening to them, make a note (mentally or written down) of the main points of their grievance.Once they are finished, thank them for their comments, acknowledge their anger and apologise. 2. Reassure the customer Use the notes you made whilst listening to demonstrate that you have a secure grasp on the p roblem by giving them a precis of what they have just told you. Mirror some of their (less colourful! ) language, keep your tone measured and calm and ask a closed question at the end to check you have a full understanding. By now, the customer should at least be ready to let you help them. Assure them that is exactly what you’re going to do and explain he realistic options you have available to you. If the customer wants something that simply is not possible, apologise, give reasons why this is not an available option and then tell them what you can do for them. 3. Act Finally, once you have explained what you are going to do to resolve the customer’s problem, do it. Follow it through and ensure that what you promised is delivered. Hopefully, by this point, you will have a happy customer who will return to your company, not to mention a happy agent whose days are a little less stressful! 4. Make it easy to speak to a live agentCommunicate the ease and accessibility of reaching live agents in channels of the customer’s choosing, and prepare and empower your employees to provide first-contact resolution. Most customers who say it is hard to deal with a company said it was because their issue was not resolved the first time they contacted them for service. Self-service certainly has its time and place, but when issues are complex or frustrating, customers want (and demand) access to live agents. In fact, preference for live web chat has grown in the last year. 5. Aggressively promote the fact that you want feedbackYou want to know when you get it wrong. And, make it easy for customers to contact you and get immediate access to empowered and empathetic agents. If customers can’t find a convenient way to give feedback, they may just defect to another company without saying a word. 6. Use proactive communication Let the customer know about an issue first and connect them to an agent. Almost all customers say it is appropriate for a compa ny they do business with to proactively contact them. However, companies must be sensitive to the reasons and channels they employ, as the vast majority of customers are not open to anything and everything.You only get one chance, so don’t burn the bridge by not providing the best agent and technology-based experiences your customers want and expect. 7. Empathize with the customer The first thing you need to think about when dealing with complaints is how you would feel if you were the one making the complaint. Empathy and understanding are paramount to giving good customer service whether it is in sales, customer service or customer complaints departments. Allow the customer to vent their feelings and then remind them that you are here to help them and will do everything in your power to resolve the issue.This gives them the feeling that you see them as more than just a number on a system and can act to calm the customer down especially if it is a difficult or challenging si tuation. The fact that you are offering to help them goes a long way to calming them down initially and if you can minimise passing them from department to department this will also help them to remain calm and listen to any options you put forward. Base the discussions with the customer on facts, don’t let emotion drive the conversation. Ian Jensen, Team Manager, RESPONSE  (www. response-uk. co. uk) 8.Make sure you act on social media Social media is becoming the vehicle of choice for customers, frustrated by poor customer service. But these complaints can be amplified very loudly – particularly on Twitter. Start by listening to the social media channels. Once you understand what is being said it is time to intervene. This can also be by social media – particularly to try and find out a customer’s phone number – but would probably be better if it is by a proactive follow up call. If this is done in a timely fashion it can go a long way to diffus e any frustration the customer is feeling. 9.A complaint is an opportunity for the business to learn and grow As a business, every complaint should be treated as serious and the customer with a small ‘expression of dissatisfaction’ should be given the same courtesy as someone whose complaint is huge. Remember to be a ‘goodwill’ company. Be thankful that your customer is voicing their problem, but realise that they may still use your competition the next time they need your product or service. You may not gain their future loyalty, but use the situation they bring up to minimise it happening again. 10. Act on the new knowledge you haveOne of the most important factors in complaint handling is to demonstrate that the company has acknowledged the complaint for the future. Don’t stop at telling them that feedback such as theirs helps you to grow as a company – make it feel real by telling them how you will be raising this issue with the customer s ervices manager so that (where possible) this is 1) resolved 2) not repeated with other customers. Finally, after the complaint has been dealt with and is coming to a close, advise them that you hope that this recent situation hasn’t adversely affected their long term relationship with you as a company.Reiterate that you hope the compensation you are offering may go some way to restoring their faith in the company / product or service. Listen  carefully to the customer. Know and understand the complaint  of the customer and never interrupt him or her. Remember that they want to be heard and let the customer release any emotional irritation before saying anything. This could make the customer feel that you are listening and acknowledging the feelings carefully. Empathize with the customer. Repeat the complaint and confirm to signify that you got it correctly.Thank the customer for bringing the problem to your attention for  better customer service  of the company. Apol ogize. Reasonable and unreasonable  complaints  are valued by the customer that needs proper attention or  customer service. Apologize for the inconvenience that complain may have affected the customer. Explain the reasons or the company’s side politely. No matter how angry the customer is, try to remain calm and patient while you address the complain properly. Have a clear  answer  and give data if necessary to support your explanation. Take responsibility for action.Let the customer feel that the complain will be taken into action. Explain what action you will take to correct the problem. Commit to give feedback as soon as possible preferably with a given date to assure the customer that the complain will be handled immediately. End the conversation by asking the customer for other things that you may be of service aside from the complain. 5 GOLDEN RULES If you are in a business, you will eventually have to interact with disgruntled customers and the way you handl e the issue is the way you are going to be known in the market.Make no mistake here – a disgruntled client will always create a large damaging ripple for your image. Carry on like this and very soon you will be known as the company with the worst customer service. You cannot afford this or you will lose business sooner than later. Hence, you need to learn how to handle a complaint effectively. Here are the rules for handling  customer complaints  that will promote your business better than any advertisement: Respond instantly  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ when a customer complains, respond instantly.The more they wait, the more they get frustrated and hence, would be more inclined to be unreasonable. Do not wait for their irritation to escalate to anger. Respond to their complaint message immediately. Believe that customer’s complaint is genuine  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ one of the worst steps of counteraction a company can give is implying that the customer is dishonest or unrealistic. Tell the client that you believe their complaint is genuine and you are trying your best to see what can be done to help. Apologize for the pain they feel not for the mistake  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the mistake is not always yours.However, the complaining individual is genuinely aggrieved. Apologize to the customer for the pain they have experienced. Saying sorry for their (customer’s) discomfort is not the same as saying sorry for a mistake that your company has done. However, when you say sorry genuinely, the customer is more often than not already pacified and ready to listen to you with an open mind. Do your best  to meet their expectations  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ one of the most important rules for  handling customer complaints  is showing that you are doing your best to help.You will find that the majority of people are reasonable in their expectations. Just knowing that you are making all the effort to help them will often open the door to negotiations on how to resolve the problem towards mutua l benefit. If it is your mistake, overcompensate  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ there will be instances when the customer is right. The service/ product/ experience/ was bad. If you are guilty of any such thing, the rules for handling  customer complaints  say that you acknowledge, apologize and immediately over compensate the aggrieved client.In this way, you are eliminating a  disgruntled customer  and appointing a free goodwill ambassador for your brand; for this customer will not stop praising you after that. CASE STUDY ANSWERS Divide the answer into 5 parts: 1. Define the Problem Describe the problem in the workplace. What is involved in making it a problem? 2. Analyze the Problem Tell about how you collected information for analyzing data: the process you utilized for extracting maximum information from the facts. 3. Generate possible SolutionsExplain the factors you took for making a decision: how did you get to the root cause of the problem? How did you identify the likely causes of pr oblem? How did you generate a number of possible solutions? 4. Select the best Solution(s) and course of actions Describe the actions you took: why did you choose these actions? What were the results you expected to achieve? Describe how you organized ideas into process flow and common theme and the way you monitor result. Don’t forget the risk management factors. 5. Lesson learned What did you get? What was going right? What do you learn from that experience?

NLGLA essays

NLGLA essays The National Lesbian and Gay Law Association (NLGLA) promotes equality and diversity for those involved in the legal professions. The NLGLA sponsors the Lavender Law Conference annually in conjunction with the National Lesbian and Gay Law Foundation. The conference, which is held this year in Minneapolis, will feature conferences, course, and other activities for participants. Over seven hundred attorneys, law professors, and law students are expected to attend the conference this year. Topics that the Lavender Law Conference addresses include the revision of sodomy laws, the settling of wills and estates, discrimination, diversity, domestic violence, immigration, and any other issue that affects the gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender communities. A career fair will also be one of the showcases at the Lavender Law Conference, which has a website at . The NLGLA also sponsors a writing competition in honor of Michael Greenberg, an NGLA member who recently passed away. Called the Greenberg Competition, it is one of the examples of how the NLGLA serves student communities. Other ways NLGLA specifically helps law students include the NLGLA Listserv, the career fair at the Lavender Law Conference, and information about entering the legal profession. For instance, the NLGLA website presents a link to the Law School Admission Council (LSAC), which states, "The movement for social and legal recognition of the rights of lesbians, gay men, bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT) people is now a part of the national discourse, with new developments occurring at an unprecedented paceLawyers have played a key role in these developments, and will continue to do so for years to come." Civil rights remains one of the key issues addressed by NLGLA members. Members of the NLGLA, who practice or teach different types of law, are all concerne...

Free Essays on Somalia

Introduction This paper will discuss the Somali social and political organizational structure which is based on kinship groups. There are six main clan- families, the Dir, the Darod, the Isaq, the Hawiye, the Digil and the Rahanweyn. These clans-families are further subdivided into smaller clans. These clans, in turn, are subdivided into sub clans, or primary lineage groups. It is also claimed that all Somalis trace their origin t two brothers, Samaal and Saab (Sab). These brothers are said to have been members of the Prophet Muhammad’s tribe, the Qurash of Arabia. Although his can not be proven, most Somalis know this to be true. (Fox, pg 31) History Somalia is the easternmost country on the African continent. Its capital and largest city is Mogadishu. Somalia is often referred to as the Horn of Africa. Almost all of the Somali people are Sunni Muslims and speak the Somali language. However, some Somalis do speak Italian, Arabic, and English. The official name for Somalia is the Somali Democratic Republic. It became an independent nation in 1960. Before that Somalia’s northern section was ruled by the British and the Southern section was ruled by Italy. Most of Somalia came under colonial rule during the 1800’s. During the mid 1880’s the British occupied much of northern Somalia and they named it British Somaliland. In the late 1880’s, the Italians gained control over the southern part of Somalia and established the colony of the Italian Somaliland. By the 1900’s Somali nationalist began to fight the British Italians and the Ethiopians to regain control of their land. During this crucial time in Somalia history, Sayyid Muhammad Adbille Hassan was the leader of the nationalist and was destined to become a great leader. He was born on April 7, 1864 and was a member of the Ogaden Clan. â€Å"At the early age of seven, Muhammad began to learn the Quran under a local teacher, and by the age of ten, when his grand... Free Essays on Somalia Free Essays on Somalia Introduction This paper will discuss the Somali social and political organizational structure which is based on kinship groups. There are six main clan- families, the Dir, the Darod, the Isaq, the Hawiye, the Digil and the Rahanweyn. These clans-families are further subdivided into smaller clans. These clans, in turn, are subdivided into sub clans, or primary lineage groups. It is also claimed that all Somalis trace their origin t two brothers, Samaal and Saab (Sab). These brothers are said to have been members of the Prophet Muhammad’s tribe, the Qurash of Arabia. Although his can not be proven, most Somalis know this to be true. (Fox, pg 31) History Somalia is the easternmost country on the African continent. Its capital and largest city is Mogadishu. Somalia is often referred to as the Horn of Africa. Almost all of the Somali people are Sunni Muslims and speak the Somali language. However, some Somalis do speak Italian, Arabic, and English. The official name for Somalia is the Somali Democratic Republic. It became an independent nation in 1960. Before that Somalia’s northern section was ruled by the British and the Southern section was ruled by Italy. Most of Somalia came under colonial rule during the 1800’s. During the mid 1880’s the British occupied much of northern Somalia and they named it British Somaliland. In the late 1880’s, the Italians gained control over the southern part of Somalia and established the colony of the Italian Somaliland. By the 1900’s Somali nationalist began to fight the British Italians and the Ethiopians to regain control of their land. During this crucial time in Somalia history, Sayyid Muhammad Adbille Hassan was the leader of the nationalist and was destined to become a great leader. He was born on April 7, 1864 and was a member of the Ogaden Clan. â€Å"At the early age of seven, Muhammad began to learn the Quran under a local teacher, and by the age of ten, when his grand...